N. Pirogov and S. Botkin at a hospital, 1877. The painting of I. Tikhiy
In 1870 the Red Cross Society invited Nikolay Pirogov to inspect hospitals, medical institutions and to draw conclusions on organization of medical care for the wounded during Franco-Prussian War.
Returned home from the mission, Pirogov published A Report on the results of the visiting military medical institutions in Germany Lorraine and Alsace.
In 7 years on behalf and upon authorization of the Red Cross Society Pirogov again inspected medical institutions but this time in the theater of military action on the Balkans (in Bulgaria and Romania).
Based on the surveillance material Pirogov wrote a work on Militarymedical business and private aid in the theatre of war in Bulgaria and in the Rear of the active army in 1877-1878.
These works were the further stage of development of military field surgery and it came into the treasury of world medical literature. Also, some pieces of art were used for the fullest disclosing of the theme